Investigating Raptor Perception of Snowshoe Hare Coat Color, Camouflage, and Mismatch

Abstract

Research around climate‐change induced coat color mismatch in seasonally polymorphic species has largely focused on mismatched animals’ capacity to adapt to new conditions and avoid associated fitness loss. While snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) are known to face increased mortality during periods of mismatch, there is little understanding of which of their many predators contribute to this increased predation. Using experiments with falconry‐trained goshawks (Accipiter atricapillus), we investigate raptor perception in relation to camouflage and mismatch using lures and model hares. In addition to testing effects of mismatch on hunting ability, we also investigate these effects in relation to movement and habitat structure. Preliminary results indicate that mismatch influences raptors’ perception of stationary models, but not moving targets. Additional effects of habitat structure are also evident. Knowledge of both predator and prey perception and behavior is necessary to form a complete understanding of shifting trophic interactions under climate change. ©