Use of Reclaimed Minelands by Pronghorn and Mule Deer

Abstract

We examined use of reclaimed minelands by pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. Pronghorn selection of topography did not differ from availability and pronghorn were most commonly found on flat to gently sloped topography. We most often observed mule deer on sloped terrain; deer used base of slope more than expected during spring, summer, and fall. Alfalfa (Medicago saliva), sweetclover (Melilotus officinalis), and other forbs constituted important components of habitats used by pronghorn and mule deer. During summer, pronghorn also used areas with low overall vegetation height. Pronghorn use patterns reflected avoidance of human activity, whereas mule deer were more tolerant. Further enhancement of reclamation areas for these species might include increasing abundance of forbs, providing more cover, maintaining a mosaic of vegetation heights, and reducing fragmentation.