Your search for keyword(s) "trampling" resulted in 24 record(s).

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Title: Cattle and salmon II: Interactions between cattle and spawning spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a Northeastern Oregon riparian ecosystem: Journal: Rangeland Ecology & Management; Authors: T. M. Ballard, and W. C. Krueger; Date: 2005; Summary: Cattle and fish behavior were observed to determine the impact of in-stream cattle watering on the spawning of an endangered salmon species within the Blue Mountain Ecological Province (45Â° 7' 57" N; 117Â° 42' 31" W) in northeastern Oregon. Cattle grazing was initiated once salmon were observed actively developing a redd. Stocking rate of cattle was 0.82 ha/AUM for 28 days in each year of the study. In the wet year of the 2 year study, utilization was 57% and in the dry year utilization was 74%. Redds were monitored daily with the presence and location noted, ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Grazing; View more details about this article

Title: Caribou-induced changes in species dominance of lichen woodlands: An analysis of plant remains: Journal: American Journal of Botany; Authors: S. Boudreau, and S. Payette; Date: 2004; Summary: The George River caribou herd in Quebec increased in size from the 1960's to the late 1980's before the population decreased to normal levels again in the early 1990's. Disturbances from over-grazing and trampling greatly affected the vegetation on the herd's summer range, and this study found that disturbed sites had reduced vegetative cover, and contained more plants of earlier successional stages than undisturbed sites. Since the population decline in the 1990's, some recovery has occurred and the vegetation cover contains more trampling and grazing resistant species in disturbed areas, a ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Sediment movement and filtration in a riparian meadow following cattle use: Journal: Journal of Range Management; Authors: R. R. McEldowney, M. Flenniken, G. W. Frasier, M. J. Trlica, and W. C. Leininger; Date: 2002; Summary: The effects of cattle grazing and trampling on vegetation and soil surface variables, sediment movement, and filtration in a montane riparian meadow were measured along Sheep Creek in Colorado. Pre- and post-treatment rainfall simulation runs were made on each plot pair approximately 24-hours apart in July and August. Cover, random roughness, stem density, and aboveground biomass were assessed before and after treatment rainfall simulation. Four sediment traps (2 in microchannels and 2 in vegetation islands between microchannels) were placed downstream to identify sediment transport and deposi ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Grazing, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Seasonal grazing affects soil physical properties of a montane riparian community: Journal: Journal of Range Management; Authors: M. A. Wheeler, M. J. Trlica, G. W. Frasier, and J. D. Reeder; Date: 2002; Summary: Wheeler et al. studied the effects of seasonal grazing treatments (early spring and late summer) on soil physical properties, in a montane riparian ecosystem in northern Colorado. The recovery rates of infiltration and soil bulk densities of a riparian soil following grazing returned to pre-grazing values within one year from the disturbance, on the previously ungrazed riparian area. The amount of surface organic matter and surface soil showed high compaction immediately following trampling. However those layers protected the underlying soils from compaction. The bulk densities of the soils ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Nitrogen dynamics in an Alaskan salt marsh following spring use by geese: Journal: Oecologia; Authors: A. B. Zacheis, R. W. Ruess, and J. W. Hupp; Date: 2002; Summary: The effects of lesser snow geese and Canada geese grazing and trampling on nitrogen cycling and availability in the salt marsh communities of Upper Cook Inlet, Alaska (61Â° 15' N, 150Â° 30' W) were investigated . Paired plots were used to compare actively grazed sites to sites that had been excluded from grazing for at least 3 years. Net nitrogen mineralization, organic nitrogen pools and production, nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria, soil temperature, moisture, salinity, pH, bulk density, C, N and C:N and litter characteristics were measured in the spring. ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Marshes, Grazing, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Effects of simulated elk grazing and trampling (I): Intensity: Journal: Alces; Authors: S. P. Rupp, M. C. Wallace, D. Wester, S. Fettig, and R. Mitchell; Date: 2001; Summary: Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico erected a series of ungulate exclosures in pinyon (Pinus edulis)-juniper (Juniperus spp.), ponderosa (Pinus ponderosa) grassland, and mixed-conifer habitat types in the summer of 1998. The authors objectives were to assess changes in density, percent foliar/litter cover, basal area, species richness, and composition through the application of different intensities of simulated clipping and trampling within Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) exclosures. Litter c ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Effects of simulated elk grazing and trampling (II): Frequency: Journal: Alces; Authors: S. P. Rupp, M. C. Wallace, D. Wester, S. Fettig, and R. Mitchell; Date: 2001; Summary: Bandelier National Monument erected a series of ungulate exclosures and paired reference areas to evaluate elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) impacts on the vegetative community in pinyon (Pinus edulis)-juniper (Juniperus spp.), ponderosa (Pinus ponderosa) grassland, and mixed-conifer habitat types. Plant densities were higher in ponderosa grassland habitat than those clipped twice or not at all. Litter cover in ponderosa grassland habitat was negatively correlated with clipping frequency in the absence of tramplin ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Stubble height as a tool for management of riparian areas: Journal: Journal of Range Management; Authors: W. P. Clary, and W. C. Leininger; Date: 2000; Summary: This is a literature review of 146 papers that synthesized scientific research to determine if stubble height is an appropriate tool for monitoring riparian areas. In addition, the authors examined recommended stubble heights for riparian vegetation. ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Grazing, Watersheds; View more details about this article

Title: A theoretical basis for study and management of trampling by cattle: Journal: Journal of Range Management; Authors: F. S. Guthery, and R. L. Bingham; Date: 1996; Summary: Cattle trampling of endangered plants, certain animal species, and ground nests may be a management concern on rangeland. Researchers need theoretical models of trampling loss to assist in design of such studies and interpretation of results. Guthery and Bingham use the work of Koerth et al. (1983) as an example, and their intent is to show how the theoretical models might influence perspectives and interpretations. Koerth et al. (1983) concluded that "there appears to be no reason for concern that trampling losses by cattle will be higher under the short duration grazing regime used i ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Effects of grazing on cryptogamic crusts in pinyon-juniper woodlands in Grand Canyon National Park: Journal: American Midland Naturalist; Authors: R. J. Beymer, and J. M. Klopatek; Date: 1992; Summary: Vegetative and cryptogamic crust cover and biomass were measured at ungrazed, previously grazed and presently grazed sites, within and near Grand Canyon National Park. Cryptogamic crust cover and biomass were greatest on ungrazed sites and lowest on presently grazed sites, however, species composition of crusts were similar at all sites. Grazing also affected the composition of the plant community, with decreasing grass cover and increasing cover of weedy forbs and bare ground, compared to ungrazed and previously grazed sites. The data from previously grazed sites suggests that cryptogamic ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Interactions of grazing and plant protection on basin big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. tridentata) seedling survival: Journal: Journal of Range Management; Authors: M. K. Owens, and B. E. Norton; Date: 1992; Summary: Owens and Norton examined the role of grazing and protective plant cover on basin big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata spp. tridentata) seedling survival on crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) seeded pastures after short duration, high intensity sheep or cattle grazing. During the grazing period, survival of seedlings was lower and grazing reduced survival of unsheltered seedlings. Sheltered seedlings had greater seedling survival in general but during the end of season drought, survival of sheltered seedlings in grazed past ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Effects of an 11-year livestock exclosure on rodent and ant numbers in the Chihuahuan Desert, southeastern Arizona: Journal: Southwestern Naturalist; Authors: E. J. Heske, and M. Campbell; Date: 1991; Summary: Heske and Campbell monitored the effects of a livestock exclosure on the abundance of rodent and ant species in the San Simon Valley of southeastern Arizona. The authors set up 11 paired transects within an 11 year grazing exclosure and in the grazed grassland adjacent to the exclosure. Dipodomys (kangaroo rats) and Onychomys (grasshopper mice) species were significantly more abundant inside the exclosure while smaller murids (mice spp.) and ants, were equally abundant in both areas. Vegetation structure showed no significant difference between grazed and ungrazed areas. In terms of rodent ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: The effect of cattle grazing on ponderosa pine regeneration: Journal: The Forestry Chronicle; Authors: J. L. Kingery, and R. T. Graham; Date: 1991; Summary: In this study, Kingery and Graham measured the effects of cattle grazing, wildlife browsing, and rodent use on damage and mortality of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings, to determine the suitability of grazing to utilize understory vegetation in conifer plantations. Cattle grazing had limited impacts on ponderosa pine seedlings (3.6% mortality) when compared to wildlife (8% mortality). Most mortality from cattle and wildlife was caused by trampling as compared to browsing. Root damage by pocket gophers caused the most animal induced seedling mortality (9-10%). ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Riparian zones, Rangelands, Wildlife; View more details about this article

Title: Utilization of larkspur by sheep: Journal: Journal of Range Management; Authors: M. H. Ralphs, J. E. Bowns, and G. D. Manners; Date: 1991; Summary: A series of studies in three western states looked at using sheep to graze larkspur (Delphinium spp.) plants before cattle were allowed in the area in order to reduce poisoning. The first study examined the consumption of waxy larkspur over four years in southwest Montana. One hundred waxy larkspur plants were identified and marked prior to sheep grazing, which occurred in late June. Following grazing plants were relocated; total stems per plant, number of flowering heads removed and defoliation of leaves was recorded each year. The second study looked at utilization o ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Weeds, Rangelands, Livestock; View more details about this article

Title: Effects of cattle stock density on trampling loss of simulated ground nests: Journal: Wildlife Society Bulletin; Authors: H. P. Jensen, D. Rollins, and R. L. Gillen; Date: 1990; Summary: The effect of nest location and stocking density of short-duration grazing, on simulated ground nest survival in Oklahoma was studied in two trials (mid-May and early July) for 10 days each. The site was burned prior to study trials to produce a uniform vegetation structure. The first trial (May) tested cattle densities of 4, 5, 8, and 15 head/ha and trial 2 (July) tested densities of 13, 17, 25, 50 head/ha. Nests were simulated with clay pigeons placed in either the crown of a little bluestem plant or on an adjacent open site. Nests were monitored every 48 hrs to determine trampling loss. ...; Agrovoc Control Words: Grazing, Trampling, Stocking rate; View more details about this article

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