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Title: Critical Length for the Onset of Crack Propagation in Snow: Reconciling Shear and Collapse
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Johan Gaume, Alec van Herwijnen, Guillaume Chambon, Nander Wever, Jürg Schweizer
Description: The failure of a weak snow layer buried below cohesive slab layers is a necessary, but insufficient condition for the release of a dry-snow slab avala...
Object ID: ISSW16_O1.02.pdf
Keywords: snow avalanche, crack propagation, critical length, slope angle, pst, slab, weak layer
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Title: Comparison of Measured and Modelled Snow Cover Liquid Water Content to Improve Local Wet-Snow Avalanche Prediction
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Christoph Mitterer, Achim Heilig, Lino Schmid, Alec van Herwijnen, Olaf Eisen, Jürg Schweizer
Description: Wet-snow avalanches can be difficult to forecast. However, recent studies have suggested that an index (LWCindex) related to the mean liquid water con...
Object ID: ISSW16_O6.01.pdf
Keywords: wet-snow avalanches, avalanche forecasting, liquid water content
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Title: Regional Forecasting of Wet Snow Avalanche Cycles: an Essential Tool for Avalanche Warning Services?
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Sascha Bellaire, Alec van Herwijnen, Christoph Mitterer, Nora Helbig, Tobias Jonas, Jürg Schweizer
Description: Wet-snow avalanches are relatively poorly understood and difficult to forecast. By definition, liquid water is required in the snow cover, thus predic...
Object ID: ISSW16_O6.03.pdf
Keywords: avalanche forecasting, wet-snow avalanche, snow cover modelling, numerical weather prediction
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Title: Combining Snowpack Models and Observations for Better Avalanche Danger Assessments
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Fabiano Monti, Christoph Mitterer, Walter Steinkogler, Mathias Bavay, Andrea Pozzi
Description: Now-casting of avalanche danger is mainly based on direct snow stability observations (e.g. recent avalanches), snow stability tests combined with str...
Object ID: ISSW16_O15.03.pdf
Keywords: avalanche forecasting, manual observations, snow cover modeling, snow and weather data
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Title: Observer Independent Measures of Snow Instability
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Benjamin Reuter, Jürg Schweizer, Alec van Herwijnen
Description: Observer independent measures of snow instability are a prerequisite for modeling, verifying and improving avalanche forecasts. However, presently no ...
Object ID: ISSW16_O17.02.pdf
Keywords: snow instability, avalanche forecasting, snow micro-penetrometer, avalanche initiation, crack propagation, tensile strength, finite element modeling
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Title: Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Snow Relevant For Dry-Snow Slab Avalanche Release Using Particle Tracking Velocimetry
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Alec van Herwijnen, Ned Bair, Karl Birkeland, Ben Reuter, Ron Simenhois, Bruce Jamieson, Jürg Schweizer
Description: Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) is a measurement technique widely used to determine displacement and velocity fields from video recordings. It is ...
Object ID: ISSW16_O17.03.pdf
Keywords: snow mechanical properties, avalanche release, particle tracking velocimetry, snow stability
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Title: Modeled Mass and Temperature Effects of Released and Entrained Snow on the Lubricated Flow Regime of Avalanches at Bird Hill, Southcentral Alaska
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Katreen Wikstrom Jones, Michael Loso, Perry Bartelt, Cesar Vera Valero
Description: The unpredictable effects of released and entrained snow on avalanche run-out distances make hazard analysis difficult. At Bird Hill in southcentral A...
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.03.pdf
Keywords: snow entrainment, snow temperature, avalanche run-out, flow regimes, fluidization, lubrication
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Title: Acceleration Processes of Snow Glide Prior to Full-Depth Avalanche Release on Shrub Slopes in the Temperate Heavy-Snow Region of Japan
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Katsuhisa Kawashima, Tsutomu Iyobe, Takane Matsumoto
Description: In the temperate heavy-snow region of Japan, most of snow avalanche disaster arise as a consequence of the full-depth glide avalanche in the area with...
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.07.pdf
Keywords: full-depth glide avalanche, snow glide, avalanche release, shrub slope
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Title: Drone-Based UWB Radar to Measure Snow Layering in Avalanche Starting Zones
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Rolf O. Rydeng Jenssen, Markus Eckerstorfer, Hannah Vickers, Kjell-Arild Høgda, Eirik Malnes, Svein K. Jacobsen
Description: Slab avalanches release due to failure in a weak snow layer. Determining the spatial distribution and depth of weak layers in avalanche starting zones...
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.15.pdf
Keywords: uwb radar, uav, snow stratigraphy, avalanche risk assessment, avatech
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Title: Snow Pressures on a Rigid Snow Supporting Structure at the Milepost 151 Avalanche, Jackson, Wyoming
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Joshua T. Hewes, Rand Decker, Sean Strain, Megan Stevens
Description: Mitigation of avalanche hazard to roadways within the Western United States has historically been conducted by means of artificial release of explosiv...
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.23.pdf
Keywords: avalanche, snow supporting structures, mitigation
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Title: Utilisation of the SM4 Automatic Snowpack Sensor in Avalanche Forecasting
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Harpa Grimsdottir, Orn Ingolfsson, Magni H. Jonsson, Vidir Arnarson, Halfdan Ingolfsson, Sveinn Brynjolfsson, Gestur Hansson
Description: A small innovation company in Iceland, POLS Engineering, has developed the SM4 automatic snowpack sensor that is currently installed at over 30 locati...
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.30.pdf
Keywords: avalanche forecasting, snow sensor, automatic warnings, snow crystals, snow depth, facets
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Title: Matching of Vertical Snow Profiles
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Pascal Hagenmuller
Description: Stratigraphic vertical profiles of snow properties measured a few meters from each other are usually different. In particular, slope-parallel variatio...
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.42.pdf
Keywords: snow profile, matching, registration, clustering
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Title: Deriving Mean Snow Depth in Complex Terrain From Flat Field Measurements
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Nora Helbig, Alec van Herwijnen, Tobias Jonas
Description: Snow depth is an important parameter for various applications, including hydrological and avalanche forecasting. Various measurement networks were the...
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.46.pdf
Keywords: mean snow depth, avalanche forecasting, meteorological models, subgrid parameterization
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Title: Effects of Saharan Dust Outbreaks on the Snow Stability in the Pyrenees
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Laetitia Chomette, Montse Bacardit, Jordi Gavaldà, Ivan Moner
Description: Saharan dust outbreaks occur nearly every winter in the Pyrenees. It is well established that dust layers on the top of the snowpack reduce the snow a...
Object ID: ISSW16_P3.02.pdf
Keywords: snowpack structure, variability and metamorphism; avalanche formation, release and dynamics
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Title: Comparison of ECT, RB, Threshold Sum and Relative Threshold Sum Approach to To Snowpack Instability Evaluation - New Results
Date: 2016-10-02
Authors: Igor Chiambretti, Fabiano Monti, Mauro Valt
Description: The Italian regional avalanche forecasting services (AINEVA) collect snowpack observations such as snowpack profiles or stability tests on a daily or ...
Object ID: ISSW16_P3.05.pdf
Keywords: rutschblock (rb), extended column test (ect), structural instability indices, threshold sum (tsa), relative threshold sum (rta)
View additional details about Comparison of ECT, RB, Threshold Sum and Relative Threshold Sum Approach to To Snowpack Instability Evaluation - New Results