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Title: The Influence of Near-Surface Warming on Slab Stiffness and Crack Propagation Propensity
Date: 2012
Authors: Benjamin Reuter, Jürg Schweizer
Description: Near-surface warming by either an increase in air temperature or radiation is believed to have a significant effect on dry-snow slab avalanche formati...
Object ID: issw-2012-028-031.pdf
Keywords: near-surface warming, propagation propensity, snow pack, slabs,
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Title: Depth Hoar, Avalanches, and Wet Slabs: A Case Study of the Historic March, 2012 Wet Slab Avalanche Cycle at Bridger Bowl, Montana
Date: 2012
Authors: Alex Marienthal, Jordy Hendrikx, Doug Chabot, Pete Maleski, Karl Birkeland
Description: During this past winter, southwest Montana had many large avalanches and days of high avalanche danger. In the Bridger Mountains the most prominent an...
Object ID: issw-2012-062-068.pdf
Keywords: bridger mountains, hoar layer, wet slab avalanche, dry slab avalanche, rain on snow
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Title: Analyzing the Atmosphere-Snow Energy Balance for Wet-Snow Avalanche Prediction
Date: 2012
Authors: Christoph Mitterer, Jürg Schweizer
Description: Melt water is the major driver of wet-snow instability. Its percolation and interaction with snow is complex, poorly understood and hence not well dep...
Object ID: issw-2012-077-083.pdf
Keywords: snow pack, wet snow avalanches, avalanche danger scale,
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Title: Using High-Speed Video to Better Understand Extended Column Tests
Date: 2012
Authors: Karl W. Birkeland, Alec van Herwijnen
Description: Extended Column Tests (ECTs) have become increasingly popular for assessing snowpack stability. However, we still do not fully understand what happen...
Object ID: issw-2012-098-103.pdf
Keywords: extended column test, propagation saw test, snowpack stability test,
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Title: Avalanche Forecasting for Safe Travel in the Backcountry: The 5-Step Checklist
Date: 2012
Authors: Mike Wiegele
Description: Operators and ski guides are in-field practitioners with a responsibility to provide a safe and enjoyable experience for clients and employees. As pra...
Object ID: issw-2012-157-160.pdf
Keywords: back country, snowpack stability, avalanche awareness, solar radiation
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Title: Nowcast With a Forescast – Snow Cover Simulations on Slopes
Date: 2012
Authors: Sascha Bellaire, Bruce Jamieson
Description: The snow cover model SNOWPACK simulates the snow cover formation and evolution based on meteorological parameters. In the past, these parameters were...
Object ID: issw-2012-172-178.pdf
Keywords: snowpack, snow cover modeling, avalanche warning, numerical weather prediction models, snow cover stratigraphy, model output statistics
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Title: Modelling Surface Hoar Formation and Evolution on Mountain Slopes
Date: 2012
Authors: Simon Horton, Sascha Bellaire, Bruce Jamieson
Description: Predicting the spatial distribution and persistence of surface hoar layers is a challenge to avalanche forecasters and backcountry recreationists. Thi...
Object ID: issw-2012-194-200.pdf
Keywords: surface hoar, avalanche forecasting, snowpack stratigraphy, persistence, weak snowpack layer
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Title: The MLK Event At Crystal Mountain
Date: 2012
Authors: Christopher C. Morin
Description: The winter of 2010/2011 created a surprisingly widespread weak layer across the northwestern United States. In Washington state it became to be known...
Object ID: issw-2012-240-243.pdf
Keywords: snowfall, crusts, avalanche cycles, helicopter bombing
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Title: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Snow Avalanches Starting in Forested Terrain
Date: 2012
Authors: Michaela Teich, Natalie Zurbriggen, Perry Bartelt, Adrienne Grêt-Regamey, Christoph Marty, Melanie Ulrich, Peter Bebi
Description: Frequency and magnitude of avalanches starting in forested terrain (forest avalanches) are likely to be affected by climate change. We addressed two i...
Object ID: issw-2012-224-251.pdf
Keywords: climate change impact, forests, terrian, weather
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Title: Avalanche Impact Performance of a Light-Weight Diversion Structure Snettisham Transmission Line, Southeast Alaska
Date: 2012
Authors: Chris Wilbur, Mike Janes, Art Mears
Description: The 138kV Snettisham electrical transmission line is the main power source for Juneau, Alaska. The line was constructed in 1973 and traverses steep r...
Object ID: issw-2012-294-299.pdf
Keywords: avalanche impact pressure, hydroelectric, weather forecasting
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Title: Properties of Weak Layers Composed of Precipitation Particles In and Near Avalanche Starting Zones in Japan
Date: 2012
Authors: Shinji Ikeda, Tomoyuki Noro
Description: To gain further insight into the properties of weak layers composed of precipitation particles(PP weak layer), we analyzed 18 measurement datasets. A...
Object ID: issw-2012-586-590.pdf
Keywords: weak layer, fracture lines, snow crystals, avalanche forecast
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Title: Tracking Wetting Front Adavance With Upward-Looking Ground-Penetrating Radar
Date: 2012
Authors: Lino Schmid, Christoph Mitterer, Achim Heilig, Jürg Schweizer, Olaf Eisen
Description: Percolating melt water combined with snow stratigraphy are thought to be the dominating drivers for the formation of wet-snow avalanches. It is, howev...
Object ID: issw-2012-599-602.pdf
Keywords: wet snow avalanches, snow stratigraphy, meltwater, avalanche activity
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Title: Mechanics of Weak Layer Snow Under Cyclic Loading Studied By FEM
Date: 2012
Authors: Evgeny A. Podolskiy, Guillaume Chambon
Description: The mechanical behavior of snow weak layers is a crucial element in dry snow slab avalanche forecasting. Here, we use Finite Element Method (FEM) mod...
Object ID: issw-2012-617-621.pdf
Keywords: dry slab avalanche, elasticity, weak layer
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Title: Practical Outputs for Avalanche Experts from Two Research Projects in Aosta Valley (NW Italy)
Date: 2012
Authors: B. Frigo, M. Maggioni, A. Debernardi, V. Segor, L. Pitet, B. Chiaia, M. Freppaz, E. Zanini
Description: In agreement with the idea of the ISSW “a merging of theory and practice”, we describe the activities carried out in Aosta Valley (NW Ital...
Object ID: issw-2012-795-799.pdf
Keywords: expert’s education, courses, guide lines, web based training
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Title: Real Time Snow Slope Stability Modeling of Direct Action Avalanches
Date: 2012
Authors: Scott Havens, H.P. Marshall, Chris Covington, Bill Nicholson, Howard Conway
Description: Improved prediction of the timing of direct action avalanches that occur during storms is needed for highway forecasting operations. A SNOw Slope Stab...
Object ID: issw-2012-866-871.pdf
Keywords: direct action avalanche, avalanche observation, snowpack model, meteorological data
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