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- Title: Formation and Forecasting of Large (Catastrophic) New Snow Avalanches
- Date: 2002
- Authors: P. Foehn, M. Stoffel, P. Bartelt
- Description: The catastrophic avalanche winter 1998/99 in the Alps demonstrated that still larger deficiencies exist within the themes: "formation" and "forecastin...
- Object ID: issw-2002-141-148.pdf
- Keywords: snow mechanics, slab avalanche fonnation, avalanche forecasting, catastrophic avalanches
- View additional details about Formation and Forecasting of Large (Catastrophic) New Snow Avalanches
- Title: Climate Factors Associated with Major Avalanche Events on the Wasatch Plateau, Utah
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Elizabeth G. Hebertson, Michael J. Jenkins
- Description: Dendro-ecological methods were used to construct avalanche chronologies for 16 paths on the Wasatch Plateau, Utah. Major avalanche years between 1928-...
- Object ID: issw-2002-159-166.pdf
- Keywords: snow avalanches, intermountain climate, tree-ring analyses, disturbance ecology
- View additional details about Climate Factors Associated with Major Avalanche Events on the Wasatch Plateau, Utah
- Title: The Avalanche Catasthophe of El Teniente-Chile: August 8 of 1944
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Jose Vergara, Maria C. Baros
- Description: The avalanche of El Teniente-Chile (~34°S) August 8 of 1944, was the most serious avalanche accident in Chile of the last 100 years. On the night o...
- Object ID: issw-2002-225-227.pdf
- Keywords: chile, avalanches, andes mountains, avalanche disaster, historical snow records
- View additional details about The Avalanche Catasthophe of El Teniente-Chile: August 8 of 1944
- Title: A Microstructural Dry Snow Metamorphism Model Applicable to Equitemperature and Temperature Gradient Environments
- Date: 2002
- Authors: D.A. Miller, E.E. Adams, R.L. Brown
- Description: Dry snow metamorphism has traditionally been classified by the thermal gradient encountered in the snowpack. Snow experiencing a predominantly equi-te...
- Object ID: issw-2002-284-292.pdf
- Keywords: snow and ice, temperature gradient, kinetic growth, snow crystal growth, snow crystal structure, snow metamorphism
- View additional details about A Microstructural Dry Snow Metamorphism Model Applicable to Equitemperature and Temperature Gradient Environments
- Title: A New Quantitative Method to Measure and Document Snow Profiles Independent of Observers
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Martin Schneebeli, Christine Piehneier, Margret Matzl, Georges Krusi
- Description: Different layers in snow profiles are distinguished by a distinctive set of features, most of them aquired by manual and visual inspection and followi...
- Object ID: issw-2002-293.pdf
- Keywords: snow, avalanche, ramm-sonde
- View additional details about A New Quantitative Method to Measure and Document Snow Profiles Independent of Observers
- Title: A Probabilistic Model to Evaluate Optimal Density of Snow Stations
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Martin Latemser, Martin Schneebeli
- Description: Daily new snow measurements are important for avalanche forecasting and tourism. In Switzerland new snow is measured at many stations, which belong to...
- Object ID: issw-2002-301-303.pdf
- Keywords: snow station, snow climatology, optimal selection, snowfall intensity, spatial variability
- View additional details about A Probabilistic Model to Evaluate Optimal Density of Snow Stations
- Title: Image Analysis Determination of Micro-Structural Parameters of Snow and their Correlation With Snow Tensile Strength
- Date: 2002
- Authors: DN Sethi, PK Srivastava, P Mahajan
- Description: Deformation behaviour of snow under tensile stress, particularly the strength characteristics with respect to material microstructure, deformation rat...
- Object ID: issw-2002-307-313.pdf
- Keywords: snow microstructure, image processing, tensile strength
- View additional details about Image Analysis Determination of Micro-Structural Parameters of Snow and their Correlation With Snow Tensile Strength
- Title: Modeling the Interface Between Two Layers of Snow
- Date: 2002
- Authors: H.P. Marshall
- Description: Although dry slab avalanches in maritime climates can occur due to failure within a layer, avalanches in more continental climates are often caused by...
- Object ID: issw-2002-314-322.pdf
- Keywords: snow slope stability, finite element modeling, weak layers, interfaces
- View additional details about Modeling the Interface Between Two Layers of Snow
- Title: Morphology of Crystal Growth and Grain Bonding in Snow
- Date: 2002
- Authors: E. E. Adams, D. A. Miller
- Description: Microstructure is of paramount importance to the structural stability of a snowpack. We have scrutinized microstructure at the grain and bond scale wi...
- Object ID: issw-2002-323-327.pdf
- Keywords: snow and ice, snow crystal, snow crystal growth, snow crystal structure, snow metamorphism
- View additional details about Morphology of Crystal Growth and Grain Bonding in Snow
- Title: New Snow in the Snow-Cover Model Snowpack
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Charles Fierz, Jordy Hendrikx, Michael Lehning, Fabienne Perret, Annouck Vrouwe
- Description: A correct representation of new snow and its properties is crucial in order to
initialize the simulation of snow-cover evolution. On the one hand, ad...
- Object ID: issw-2002-328.pdf
- Keywords: modeling, snow metamorphism, snow pack
- View additional details about New Snow in the Snow-Cover Model Snowpack
- Title: Predicting Snow Layer Hardness with Meteorological Factors
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Mark C. Kozak, Kelly Elder, Karl Birkeland, Phillip Chapman
- Description: The majority of slab avalanche accidents occur when the victim triggers the slide. Slab hardness is an important property affecting skier-triggered av...
- Object ID: issw-2002-329-336.pdf
- Keywords: skier-triggered avalanches, hardness, temperature index
- View additional details about Predicting Snow Layer Hardness with Meteorological Factors
- Title: Preliminary Results from Controlled Experiments on the Growth of Faceted Crystals Above a Wet Snow Layer
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Bruce Jamieson, Alec van Herwi jnen
- Description: Faceted crystals have been observed above melt-freeze crusts, and the layers of such crystals form the failure layer for some hard-to-predict dry slab...
- Object ID: issw-2002-337-342.pdf
- Keywords: snow heat flux, snow metamorphism, snow stability, slab avalanche, avalanche formation
- View additional details about Preliminary Results from Controlled Experiments on the Growth of Faceted Crystals Above a Wet Snow Layer
- Title: Snow Guillotine: Visualization and Statistics of Meltwater Flowpaths in a Wet Snowpack
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Tyler Erickson
- Description: Normally a hand lens and a crystal screen with a millimeter grid are used to determine the size of snow grains in the field. In this method each of sn...
- Object ID: issw-2002-343-344.pdf
- Keywords: snow, guillotine, wet, snowpack
- View additional details about Snow Guillotine: Visualization and Statistics of Meltwater Flowpaths in a Wet Snowpack
- Title: Snow Stratigraphy Measured by Snow Hardness and Compared to Surface Section Images
- Date: 2002
- Authors: Christine Pielmeier, Martin Schneebeli
- Description: Snow hardness is one of the most important parameters in the study of snow. Hand, ram and micro penetrometer hardness measurements were taken in seven...
- Object ID: issw-2002-345-352.pdf
- Keywords: snow cover, snow stratigraphy, snow hardness, mechanical properties, spatial variability
- View additional details about Snow Stratigraphy Measured by Snow Hardness and Compared to Surface Section Images
- Title: SnowMIP - An Intercomparison of Snow Models: First Results
- Date: 2002
- Authors: P. Etchevers, E. Martin, R. Brown, C. Fierz, Y. Lejeune, E. Bazile, A. Boone, Y.J. Dai, R. Essery, A. Fernandez, Y. Gusev, R. Jordan, V. Koren, E. Kowalczyk, R.D. Pyles, A. Schlosser, A.B. Shmakin, T.G. Smirnova, U. Strasser, D. Verseghy, T. Yamazaki, Z.L. Yang
- Description: Many snow models are now used for various applications such as hydrology, global circulation models, snow monitoring, snow physics research and avalan...
- Object ID: issw-2002-353-360.pdf
- Keywords: snow simulation, model intercomparison, snowmip
- View additional details about SnowMIP - An Intercomparison of Snow Models: First Results
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