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Your search for Keyword "level"resulted in 30 records.

Title: MEASURING CUMULATIVE AND LOW-LEVEL BLAST OVERPRESSURE EXPOSURE OF AVALANCHE WORKERS
Date: 2026-09-28
Authors: Allie Fredbo, Amanda Geisler, Ken Thompson
Description: Avalanche workers operate in complex environments with numerous hazards. One risk is exposure to blast overpressure (BOP) from explosive events. Explo...
Object ID: ISSW2026_FS1.7.pdf
Keywords: worker safety, explosives, blast overpressure, cumulative low-level blast
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Title: CROSS SHAPED PV-STRUCTURES IN AVALANCHE PROTECTION: FIRST FIELD EXPERIENCES FROM SÖLDEN/TYROL/AUSTRIA 2026
Date: 2026-09-28
Authors: Alexander Ploner, Thomas Sönser, Florian Jamschek
Description: The vertical tree-like structure is called HELIOPLANT® and the selected spacing ensure that the vertex effect interrupts the redistribution of stress...
Object ID: ISSW2026_P1.6.pdf
Keywords: avalanche control; alpine pv-structure "solarforest"; high level renewable energy production; low environmental impact.
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Title: Avalanche Forecast Verification and Occurrence in Scotland, 2007–2025
Date: 2026-09-28
Authors: Ian N. Durbach, Blair Fyffe, Brian Morrison, Mark Diggins, Philip A. Ebert
Description: The Scottish Avalanche Information Service (SAIS) has issued daily avalanche forecasts across Scotland since 1988. In 2016, the service adopted the Eu...
Object ID: ISSW2026_P2.14.pdf
Keywords: avalanche forecasting, forecast verification, danger level, avalanche occurrence, scotland
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Title: AUTOMATED DRY SNOWFALL LEVEL CALCULATION FOR IMPROVED ASSESSMENT OF MELT-FREEZE CRUSTS AND ASSOCIATED FACETED WEAK LAYERS
Date: 2024-09-23
Authors: Marie Hofmann, Jil Lehnert, Christoph Mitterer
Description: Faceted weak layers relevant for avalanche triggering often develop around melt-freeze crusts. These can - besides a formation through shortwave radi...
Object ID: ISSW2024_P1.7.pdf
Keywords: melt-freeze crust, snowfall level, avalanche forecasting, automated weather stations
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Title: MOUNTAIN RAIN OR SNOW: ENHANCING AVALANCHE FORECASTING WITH REAL-TIME PRECIPITATION PHASE DATA
Date: 2024-09-23
Authors: Anne Heggli, David Reichel, Brian Brong, Benjamin Hatchett, Nayoung Hur, Meghan Collins, Keith Jennings, Monica Arienzo
Description: Both minor and major rain-on-snow events can create a weak layer in the snowpack or reduce snowpack stability, increasing the potential for avalanche ...
Object ID: ISSW2024_P1.13.pdf
Keywords: snow level, probabilistic forecast, precipitation phase, sierra nevada
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Title: UNRELIABILITY IN EXPERT ESTIMATES OF FACTORS DETERMINING AVALANCHE DANGER AND IMPACT ON DANGER LEVEL ESTIMATION USING THE MATRIX
Date: 2024-09-23
Authors: Frank Techel, Célia Lucas, Karsten Müller, Christine Pielmeier, Michael Morreau
Description: Recent advances in automated snowpack modelling notwithstanding, public avalanche forecasting relies heavily on human estimates of avalanche condition...
Object ID: ISSW2024_P1.31.pdf
Keywords: avalanche danger level, avalanche forecasting, reliability, eaws matrix, forecast correctness
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Title: REMOTELY SENSED AVALANCHE ACTIVITY DURING THREE EXTREME AVALANCHE PERIODS IN SWITZERLAND
Date: 2024-09-23
Authors: Elisabeth D. Hafner, Frank Techel, Holger Heisig, Jor Fergus Dal, Yves Bühler
Description: Systematic mapping of avalanches using remote-sensing technologies has become a reliable and – when combined with machine-learning algorithms – al...
Object ID: ISSW2024_O9.1.pdf
Keywords: avalanche mapping, potentially active area, danger level 5 (very high)
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Title: TOWARDS A DICTIONARY OF AVALANCHE FORECASTING – DESCRIBING SOME KEY TERMS
Date: 2023-10-08
Authors: Jürg Schweizer, Benjamin Reuter, Christoph Mitterer
Description: Avalanche forecasting is to a large extent a communication challenge. To this end, a good mutual understanding of the underlying concepts and their sc...
Object ID: ISSW2023_O1.01.pdf
Keywords: avalanche forecasting, snow stability, avalanche probability, avalanche danger level
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Title: ARE WE CONSISTENT? ON ASSESSING AND COMMUNICATING THE REGIONAL AVALANCHE DANGER LEVEL ACROSS FORECASTING CENTERS IN EUROPE
Date: 2023-10-08
Authors: Christoph Mitterer, Friedrich Mütschele, Simon Legner, Jakob Schwarz, Alexander Kehl, Norbert Lanzanasto
Description: The avalanche danger level is vital for those engaging in backcountry activities, yet obtaining this information used to require consulting multiple s...
Object ID: ISSW2023_O5.01.pdf
Keywords: avalanche forecasting, avalanche danger level, consistency, software
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Title: THE EAWS MATRIX, A LOOK-UP TABLE FOR REGIONAL AVALANCHE DANGER LEVEL ASSESSMENT, AND ITS UNDERLYING CONCEPT
Date: 2023-10-08
Authors: Karsten Müller, Frank Techel, Christoph Mitterer, Thomas Feistl, Stefano Sofia, Nicolas Roux, Petter Palmgren, Guillem M. Bellido, Lorenzo Bertranda9
Description: With the motivation to increase consistency between forecasters and warning services when assessing regional avalanche danger, a working group of the ...
Object ID: ISSW2023_O5.05.pdf
Keywords: avalanche, forecasting, danger level, matrix, workflow, consistency
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Title: THE PROAVSAR- A CAPSTONE RESCUE TRAINING FOR PROFESSIONALS
Date: 2023-10-08
Authors: Michael Ackerman
Description: The Professional Search and Rescue Course (ProAvSAR) was officially rolled out by the American Avalanche Association (A3) representing the final step ...
Object ID: ISSW2023_P3.01.pdf
Keywords: avalanche education, pro/rec split, rec level two, proavsar, pro provider alliance
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Title: Bivariate spatial modeling of snow depth and snow water equivalent extremes in Austria
Date: 2018-10-07
Authors: Harald Schellander, Tobias Hell
Description: In many applications like hydrological studies focusing on potential runoff, or climate studies investigating water availability, a spatial representa...
Object ID: ISSW2018_P05.4.pdf
Keywords: bivariate model, spatial extremes, snow depth, snow water equivalent, conditional return level, snow load, max-stable process.
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Title: Linking variations of meteorological and snow conditions in the French mountain regions to global temperature levels
Date: 2018-10-07
Authors: Samuel Morin, Deborah Verfaillie, Matthieu Lafaysse, Michel Déqué, Nicolas Eckert, Yves Lejeune, Jean-Michel Soubeyroux
Description: Long term records of Alpine meteorological and snow conditions are prominent indicators of ongoing climate change. However, there have been limited as...
Object ID: ISSW2018_P05.14.pdf
Keywords: climate change, snow, french alps, pyrenees, global warming level.
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Title: A concept of harmonizing regional avalanche forecasting
Date: 2018-10-07
Authors: Matthias Walcher, Christoph Mitterer, Norbert Lanzanasto
Description: The widely standardized communication of avalanche danger among different warning services worldwide, including a unified danger rating scale, evokes ...
Object ID: ISSW2018_P12.2.pdf
Keywords: hazard assessment, hazard communication, workflow, danger level, forecasting system
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Title: Analysis of decision-making frameworks for avalanche terrain
Date: 2018-10-07
Authors: Markus Landrø, Gerit Pfuhl
Description: To assist decision-making in avalanche terrain, several decision-making frameworks have been developed. These frameworks can have a more probabilistic...
Object ID: ISSW2018_O15.4.pdf
Keywords: danger level, avalanche forecast, strategies, intuitive judgements, expert opinion
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