Your search for Keyword "hardness"resulted in 34 records.
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- Title: MULTI-SEASON COMPARISON BETWEEN SMP, SNOW SCOPE, AND RAM PENETROMETERS
- Date: 2026-09-28
- Authors: Coleman Kane, Kelly Elder, HP Marshall, Katherine Gura, Dylan Elder
- Description: Evaluating snow hardness is an important component of assessing avalanche hazard. Persistent slab problems can often be identified from hard-over-soft...
- Object ID: ISSW2026_P3.53.pdf
- Keywords: ram penetrometer, snowmicropen, snow scope, yellow flags, lemons, hardness, stratigraphy
- View additional details about MULTI-SEASON COMPARISON BETWEEN SMP, SNOW SCOPE, AND RAM PENETROMETERS
- Title: STRONG WIND, SOFT SLAB – POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS
- Date: 2024-09-23
- Authors: Anna Heuberger, Veronika Krieger, Ingrid Reiweger
- Description: Snowfall, strong winds up to 80 km/h, and super powder skiing conditions the next day –
a situation which was reported multiple times during the wi...
- Object ID: ISSW2024_P3.9.pdf
- Keywords: wind slab, slab hardness, wind slab properties, wind speed
- View additional details about STRONG WIND, SOFT SLAB – POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS
- Title: EVALUATION OF THE SNOW PENETROMETER SCOPE
- Date: 2024-09-23
- Authors: Pascal Hagenmuller, Benjamin Reuter, Alec van Herwijnen, Victor Ramseyer, Justin Caillol
- Description: Knowing snowpack stratigraphy is paramount for avalanche forecasting. In many forecasting operations the stratigraphy information comes from manual ob...
- Object ID: ISSW2024_P8.27.pdf
- Keywords: scope, penetrometer, hardness, profile, smp, ramsonde
- View additional details about EVALUATION OF THE SNOW PENETROMETER SCOPE
- Title: QUANTIFYING SHORT-TERM CHANGES IN SNOW STRENGTH DUE TO INCREASING LIQUID WATER CONTENT ABOVE HYDRAULIC BARRIERS
- Date: 2023-10-08
- Authors: Mikael Schlumpf, Jordy Hendrikx, John Stormont, Ryan Webb
- Description: The rapid weakening of snow layers that accumulate infiltrating liquid water is a well-known, but poorly quantified, mechanism for wet slab avalanche ...
- Object ID: ISSW2023_P1.63.pdf
- Keywords: wet snow, wet slab avalanches, blade hardness, liquid water content
- View additional details about QUANTIFYING SHORT-TERM CHANGES IN SNOW STRENGTH DUE TO INCREASING LIQUID WATER CONTENT ABOVE HYDRAULIC BARRIERS
- Title: BLADE HARDNESS GAUGE: SNOW HARDNESS MEASURING AND ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES
- Date: 2023-10-08
- Authors: Peter Barsevskis, Mark Paetkau
- Description: The blade hardness gauge (BHG) is a promising technology for avalanche forecasters, technicians, and researchers. Designed and produced by Fraser Ins...
- Object ID: ISSW2023_P3.32.pdf
- Keywords: snow hardness, hand hardness, thin-blade, blade hardness gauge
- View additional details about BLADE HARDNESS GAUGE: SNOW HARDNESS MEASURING AND ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES
- Title: COMPARISONS OF VERTICAL SNOW HARDNESS PROFILES BETWEEN THE SNOWMICROPEN, SNOW SCOPE AND MANUAL METHODS
- Date: 2023-10-08
- Authors: Kelly Elder, Zach Keskinen, Chris McCaslin, Anna Valentine, Hans-Peter Marshall
- Description: Spatial information on snow strength is difficult to collect, interpret, and display. Hardness is often used as a proxy for strength because it is rel...
- Object ID: ISSW2023_P3.35.pdf
- Keywords: snow profile, hardness, stratigraphy, digital probe
- View additional details about COMPARISONS OF VERTICAL SNOW HARDNESS PROFILES BETWEEN THE SNOWMICROPEN, SNOW SCOPE AND MANUAL METHODS
- Title: ADVANCEMENTS IN THE LYTE PROBE: IMPROVING SNOW CHARACTERIZATION AND AVALANCHE WORK THROUGH MULTI-SENSOR APPROACHES
- Date: 2023-10-08
- Authors: Micah J. Johnson, Michael S. Town, Tate G. Meehan
- Description: The Lyte probe is a multi-sensored, manually-driven penetrometer/reflectometer, designed for operational snow safety and scientific research - priorit...
- Object ID: ISSW2023_P3.39.pdf
- Keywords: smart probe, penetrometer, near-infrared, snow hardness, density, lyte probe
- View additional details about ADVANCEMENTS IN THE LYTE PROBE: IMPROVING SNOW CHARACTERIZATION AND AVALANCHE WORK THROUGH MULTI-SENSOR APPROACHES
- Title: Parks Canada Profiles: Comparing hand hardness to thin-blade resistance
- Date: 2018-10-07
- Authors: Fraser Pogue, David McClung, Steve Conger
- Description: Snow hardness is an important measurement used in avalanche forecasting. The method of collecting snow hardness is dependent on the operator and the t...
- Object ID: ISSW2018_P10.5.pdf
- Keywords: snow hardness, hand hardness, thin-blade, penetration resistance
- View additional details about Parks Canada Profiles: Comparing hand hardness to thin-blade resistance
- Title: Inter-Comparison of Snow Penetrometers (Ramsonde, Avatech SP2 and SnowMicroPen) in the Framework of Avalanche Forecasting
- Date: 2016-10-02
- Authors: Pascal Hagenmuller, Thibault Pilloix, Yves Lejeune
- Description: Snow hardness, defined as the resistance against penetration of an object into snow, is a good mechanical indicator of the snowpack stratigraphy and i...
- Object ID: ISSW16_O2.01.pdf
- Keywords: penetrometer, hardness, avatech sp2, ramsonde, snowmicropen
- View additional details about Inter-Comparison of Snow Penetrometers (Ramsonde, Avatech SP2 and SnowMicroPen) in the Framework of Avalanche Forecasting
- Title: Characteristics of Snow Avalanche Release in Forests During a Heavy Snowfall Event
- Date: 2016-10-02
- Authors: Hiroki Matsushita, Koji Ishida
- Description: The heavy snowfall on February 14–15, 2014 caused many snow avalanches in the Kanto-Koshin region, Japan, where a thin snow cover exists during...
- Object ID: ISSW16_P1.11.pdf
- Keywords: avalanche, forest, air temperature, snowfall intensity, hardness, stability
- View additional details about Characteristics of Snow Avalanche Release in Forests During a Heavy Snowfall Event
- Title: Characterizing Snow Stratigraphy: a Comparison of SP2, Snowmicropen, Ramsonde and Hand Hardness Profiles
- Date: 2016-10-02
- Authors: Christine Pielmeier, Alec van Herwijnen
- Description: Information on the structure of the snow cover is of great importance for operational avalanche forecasting. Manually observed snow profiles including...
- Object ID: ISSW16_P1.16.pdf
- Keywords: snow cover, stratigraphy, snow penetrometer, snowmicropen, sp2, ramsonde, hand hardness index, snow density
- View additional details about Characterizing Snow Stratigraphy: a Comparison of SP2, Snowmicropen, Ramsonde and Hand Hardness Profiles
- Title: Using a Thin-Blade Tool for Measuring Snow Hardness and Change in Strength of Buried Surface Hoar
- Date: 2016-10-02
- Authors: Fraser Pogue, David M. McClung
- Description: Measuring and tracking changes in the properties of snow layers is important for avalanche forecasting. The accuracy of collecting snow data is depend...
- Object ID: ISSW16_P1.19.pdf
- Keywords: snow hardness, thin-blade, handheld device, penetration resistance
- View additional details about Using a Thin-Blade Tool for Measuring Snow Hardness and Change in Strength of Buried Surface Hoar
- Title: Evaluation of AvaTech SP2 for Snow Research and Snow Science Education
- Date: 2016-10-02
- Authors: Hans Peter Marshall
- Description: This poster presents results from preliminary testing of the AvaTech SP2 for snow research and snow science education. The SP2 was used during a gradu...
- Object ID: ISSW16_P1.21.pdf
- Keywords: instrumentation, penetrometer, hardness, snowmicropen
- View additional details about Evaluation of AvaTech SP2 for Snow Research and Snow Science Education
- Title: Ram Profiles With Swiss Penetrometer, Avatech SP2 Probe and Hand Tests. Comparison of the Hardness Profiles Obtained From on Site Detections in the Italian Alps During the 2015-2016 Season
- Date: 2016-10-02
- Authors: Flavio Berbenni, Igor Chiambretti, Flavio Papetti, Massimo Raviglione, Michela Barberis
- Description: In snowpack observations, the hardness profile of snow cover is determined by a ram profile and a hand test which are performed according to codified ...
- Object ID: ISSW16_P1.36.pdf
- Keywords: ram penetrometer, avatech sp2, hand test, hardness profile
- View additional details about Ram Profiles With Swiss Penetrometer, Avatech SP2 Probe and Hand Tests. Comparison of the Hardness Profiles Obtained From on Site Detections in the Italian Alps During the 2015-2016 Season
- Title: Estimating the Density of Dry Snow Layers From Hardness, and Hardness From Density
- Date: 2014-09-29
- Authors: Daehyun Kim, Bruce Jamieson
- Description: At ISSW 2000, Geldsetzer and Jamieson presented empirical relations between the density and hardness of dry snow layers for common grain types. These ...
- Object ID: ISSW14_paper_P1.25.pdf
- Keywords: grain size, snow density, grain type, snow hardness, avalanche forecasting, snow stratigrapy
- View additional details about Estimating the Density of Dry Snow Layers From Hardness, and Hardness From Density
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