Item: Ram Profiles With Swiss Penetrometer, Avatech SP2 Probe and Hand Tests. Comparison of the Hardness Profiles Obtained From on Site Detections in the Italian Alps During the 2015-2016 Season
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Title: Ram Profiles With Swiss Penetrometer, Avatech SP2 Probe and Hand Tests. Comparison of the Hardness Profiles Obtained From on Site Detections in the Italian Alps During the 2015-2016 Season
Proceedings: International Snow Science Workshop 2016 Proceedings, Breckenridge, CO, USA
Authors:
- Flavio Berbenni [ ARPA Lombardia - Centro Nivometeorologico, Bormio, Italy ]
- Igor Chiambretti [ AINEVA, Trento, Italy ]
- Flavio Papetti [ Studio Papetti - Pianificazione, Sviluppo e Difesa del Territorio, Piazza Brembana, Italy ]
- Massimo Raviglione [ Studio Tecnico RocK and SnoW Engineering, Tollegno, Italy ]
- Michela Barberis [ MountainS WorkinG, Tollegno, Italy ]
Date: 2016-10-02
Abstract: In snowpack observations, the hardness profile of snow cover is determined by a ram profile and a hand test which are performed according to codified and standardized methods. Both tests have the purpose to measure the hardness of the snowpack layers. The ram profile is made, regardless snow profile analysis, using the Swiss penetrometer or the new Avatech digital penetrometer probes (model SP2). The ram profile typically describes the hardness of each measurable layer with the recorded resistance to vertical penetration met by the probe tip during insertion. On the contrary, the hand test determines the single-layer hardness during the snow profile analysis, as a function of the resistance to the horizontal penetration of the operator's hand or other objects according to an encoded insertion sequence. The proposed study, starting from the experiences of nivological detection performed in the Italian Alps during the 2015-2016 season, shows in practical terms the comparison between the hardness profiles obtained from ram profiles (ram penetrometer and Avatech SP2 probe - objective data) with those obtained by hand tests (more subjective data). The analysis doesn't so much aim to make a scientific comparison of the data obtained through different methods of measurement, as to illustrate the operational problems encountered and to explore the potential of a new instrument at disposal of the snow observers which will necessarily require the development of both new working methods and a new data usage.
Object ID: ISSW16_P1.36.pdf
Language of Article: English
Presenter(s):
Keywords: ram penetrometer, avatech SP2, hand test, hardness profile
Page Number(s): 668-673
Subjects: hand hardness snow hardness ram penetrometer
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