Item: Simulation of Avalanche Motion for Design of Snow Prediction
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Title: Simulation of Avalanche Motion for Design of Snow Prediction
Proceedings: International Snow Science Workshop 2014 Proceedings, Banff, Canada
Authors:
- Kenichi Oda [ Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan ]
- Isao Kamiishi [ Snow and Ice Research Center, NIED, Niigata, Japan ]
- Satoru Yamaguchi [ Snow and Ice Research Center, NIED, Niigata, Japan ]
- Yoshihiro Nakamura [ Regional Bureau of Hokuriku, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Niigata, Japan ]
- Tomio Tanaka [ Regional Bureau of Hokuriku, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Niigata, Japan ]
Date: 2014-09-29
Abstract: The avalanche have potential to cause shut off roads along the railway and inhibiting interregional exchange. Generally, many of the avalanche measures uses analysis from statistics on occurred past avalanches. However, it is difficult to precisely prediction of avalanches because of the avalanche change with terrain condition or condition of deposited snow. Currently, numerical simulations can be useful tools to estimate damage from avalanches. Many tools have been mainly used in Europe and can predict the run-out distance and flow velocity of the avalanche in two and three-dimensional terrain. However, it is difficult for these tools to determine the vertical velocity distribution and pressure under conditions of a dynamic flow because they apply depth-averaged equations. We applied a two-phase flow model to simulate the avalanche motion. The avalanche is modeled as a Bingham fluid. The objective of this study was to validate the applicability of this method to the simulation of avalanches. In this simulation, we reproduced occurrence past avalanche at 1984 in Yuzawa-Horikiri, Yuzawa-cho, Minamiuonumagun, Niigata prefecture, Japan. First, we modulated terrain condition data extracted from laser profiler system due to use in this simulation. Next, past avalanche were reproduced in the numerical simulation. Simulated results were compared with reported instance of the avalanche. Finally, we designed the height of deflection fence for avalanche. Simulated result showed that the best height of deflection fence for avalanche is 7.5 m or more.
Language of Article: English
Presenters:
Keywords: avalanche, numerical framework, deflection fence, three-dimensional simulation.
Page Number(s): 745-750
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Digital Abstract Not Available
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